The Formation of the Modern System of Spiritual Education in the Process of Its Reform

Abstract

The article examines the problem of the formation of a modern system of spiritual education in the process of gradual reform, taking into account the realities of the national educational system and the specifics of church‑state relations in the field of education. There are two stages of reforms: the first — institutional — from the end of the 1980s to 2008; the second — integration — from 2009 to the present. The first stage is characterized by the formation of a legislative framework (both state and church), the development of spiritual education as an educational system, and the quantitative growth of theological educational institutions. The second stage (integration) involves the process of integrating the system of spiritual education into the system of national education, as stipulated in Article 87 of Federal Law No. 273 of December 29, 2012 “On Education in the Russian Federation”. This integration is accompanied by qualitative changes in the structure, teaching methods, procedures for assessing the quality of education, and the professional activities of the teaching staff of religious educational organizations. The result of the reform was the formation of an integrated system of church education. The research methods used are logical: analysis, synthesis, generalization, and comparison.