From Human Capital to Human Identification: On the Problem of Human Behaviour Models in the Social Sciences

Abstract

Article is devoted to the comparative analysis of some models of Human in social sciences. Creation of such models in economy and sociology is constant in all the time of their existence. This research interest is not abstract and motivated with the order to predict the consumer preferences of the person. Evolution of the ideas in this area is briefly tracked. The «homo economicus» is compared to image of human in Christianity and the person with rights and duties in law. The utilitarian character of «homo economicus» is emphasized. Outside all models is a potential of Human, that «it isn’t theorized». The author makes a hypothesis that transition from the idea of «homo economicus» to the concept «human capital development» is caused by impossibility to use the idea «homo economicus» in the practical purposes. The idea to count the «human capital» is actively implemented in the legislation and the international acts. Today a set of indicators which should be used when calculating «the human capital» is formed. At the same time use of this concept is speculative, and the ultimate goal of development of «the human capital» remains uncertain. The identification of the person is separately considered, the assumption is made that development of technologies of identification can lead to creation of the new model of human which is formed on his information traces. In general, the conclusion is drawn that ethical control is needed not only of introduction of achievements in the field of biogenetics, but also of programs of creation of the «new humanity» through «human capital development» and also of use of technologies of remote identification.