The Doctrine of Blessed Augustine on Marriage

Abstract

The article examines the biographical prerequisites for the formation of Blessed Augustine’s doctrine of marriage, as well as his views on the goals of matrimony, the relationship between spouses, and the problem of divorce. Based on the analysis of the autobiographical work "Confessions" and other writings of Augustine, it is shown how the saint’s personal experience — from youthful hedonism and cohabitation in concubinage to conversion to Christianity and the adoption of an ascetic lifestyle — influenced his theological understanding of marriage. Particular attention is paid to Augustine’s understanding of marriage as a good, which, however, is inferior to virginity and continence. Augustine’s doctrine of the two main goals of marriage is explored: the procreation of children and the mutual perfection of spouses in love (caritas). The concept of marriage as a Sacrament (sacramentum), symbolizing the indissoluble union of Christ and the Church, is analyzed in detail. The problem of the correlation in marriage between spiritual love and carnal lust (libido), which, according to Augustine, can be justified only by the purpose of childbearing, is considered. The uncompromising position of the Bishop of Hippo regarding divorce and the impossibility of remarriage while the spouse is alive, even in the case of adultery, is also highlighted. It is concluded that the ideal of marriage for Augustine is a spiritual union based on abstinence and the striving for holiness, exemplified by the relationship of Adam and Eve before the Fall, as well as Joseph the Betrothed and the Virgin Mary.